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Direct observations of magnetic flux rope formation during a solar coronal mass ejection

机译:在太阳能期间直接观察磁通绳的形成   日冕物质抛射

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摘要

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the most spectacular eruptive phenomena inthe solar atmosphere. It is generally accepted that CMEs are results oferuptions of magnetic flux ropes (MFRs). However, a heated debate is on whetherMFRs pre-exist before the eruptions or they are formed during the eruptions.Several coronal signatures, \textit{e.g.}, filaments, coronal cavities, sigmoidstructures and hot channels (or hot blobs), are proposed as MFRs and observedbefore the eruption, which support the pre-existing MFR scenario. There isalmost no reported observation about MFR formation during the eruption. In thisletter, we present an intriguing observation of a solar eruptive event occurredon 2013 November 21 with the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the\textit{Solar Dynamic Observatory}, which shows a detailed formation process ofthe MFR during the eruption. The process started with the expansion of alow-lying coronal arcade, possibly caused by the flare magnetic reconnectionunderneath. The newly-formed ascending loops from below further pushed thearcade upward, stretching the surrounding magnetic field. The arcade andstretched magnetic field lines then curved-in just below the arcade vertex,forming an X-point. The field lines near the X-point continued to approach eachother and a second magnetic reconnection was induced. It is this high-lyingmagnetic reconnection that led to the formation and eruption of a hot blob($\sim$ 10 MK), presumably a MFR, producing a CME. We suggest that twospatially-separated magnetic reconnections occurred in this event, responsiblefor producing the flare and the hot blob (CME), respectively.
机译:日冕物质抛射(CMEs)是太阳大气中最壮观的喷发现象。人们普遍认为CME是磁通绳(MFR)破裂的结果。然而,关于MFRs是否在喷发之前就已经存在或在喷发期间是否形成存在着激烈的争论。有人提出了几种冠状标记,\ textit {eg},细丝,冠状腔,乙状结构和热通道(或热斑点)。 MFR和在喷发之前已观察到,它们支持先前存在的MFR方案。在喷发过程中几乎没有关于MFR形成的报道。在这封信中,我们呈现了一个有趣的观测结果,说明发生在2013年11月21日的太阳爆发事件是由\ textit {Solar Dynamic Observatory}上的大气成像组件完成的,它显示了喷发期间MFR的详细形成过程。该过程开始于位于下方的日冕拱廊的扩张,这可能是由下方的火炬磁重新连接引起的。从下方新形成的上升环进一步推动了弧面,从而扩大了周围的磁场。然后,拱廊和伸展的磁力线在拱廊顶点下方弯曲,形成一个X点。 X点附近的磁力线继续彼此靠近,并引发了第二次磁重连。正是这种高强度的磁重新连接导致了热斑点(大概10 MK)的形成和喷发,产生了CME。我们建议在此事件中发生两个空间分隔的磁重连,分别导致产生耀斑和热斑点(CME)。

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